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Q91Section II (Mathematics)91 of 180

Symmetric kernels give real eigenvalues and orthogonal eigenfunctions

For a homogeneous Fredholm integral equation with symmetric kernel x(t)=λ∫abk(t,s)x(s)dsx(t)=\lambda\int_a^bk(t,s)x(s)ds, consider: (I) The eigen values are not real. (II) The eigen functions corresponding to distinct eigen values are orthogonal on [a,b][a,b].

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